The Revolution constitutionalist of 1932 | Miguel Luiz Ferreira de Castro

The revolution had the support of broad sectors of the society of São Paulo. Took up arms intellectuals, industrialists, students and other segments of the middle class, politicians linked to the Old Republic or the Democratic Party. What moved them was primarily the fight against the dictatorial regime.

Few months of conflict, São Paulo lived a real war effort. Not only the industries were mobilized to meet the needs of armaments but also the population joined in the named “Gold Campaign” for the welfare of São Paulo. For the first time was sought not only military initiatives to break the isolation to which the state was submitted. It missed, however, the expected accession of the forces of Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul. The government of Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul, although they supported the struggle for constitutionalization for a while, later decided to remain loyal to the Provisional Government.

Remote, the movement failed. On October, 1 1932 was signed the surrender that ended the Constitutional Revolution. While the top leaders had their political rights revoked others were deported to Portugal, the General Valdomiro Lima - Gaucho and Darcy Vargas´ uncle was appointed military intervenor in Sao Paulo, where he remained until 1933.

So was ended  the  revolution that shook the southeastern of Brazil  turning down more one page in our history and marking forever the memory of different generations past, present and future by its great importance that represented in our memory!

Know the history of a nation is like to know yourself!
A man only knows himself if he knows his history!

By Teacher Miguel Luiz –
Language and History Teacher, graduated at Unisal 1990 –
Up to Date Language School – Guaratinguetá/SP

"Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past." (George Orwell).

One of the most important events in the Brazilian political history occurred in the interim government of Getúlio Vargas was the Revolution in 1932, triggered in São Paulo. There were three months of fighting, which brought face to face at the battlefields rebels and loyalist forces.

The so-called "Vargas" period begins with the Revolution of 30 and ends with the deposition of Getulio Vargas in 1945. It is marked by the gradual increase of state intervention in the economy and society organization and by the growing of authoritarianism and finally for the centralization of power. It is divided into three phases: interim government, constitutional government and the New State.

Vargas is led to power on November 3, 1930 by the military group that ousted the President Washington Luís In the power; He did not respect the autonomy of São Paulo, appointing a strange Mediator. This displeased the “paulistas”, particularly the leaders of the Paulista Republican Party (PRP), which did not conform with the fact that São Paulo was being led by a "strange".

The interim government is marked by conflicts between the oligarchic groups and so-called lieutenants who support the Revolution of 30. On January 25, 1932, anniversary of the city, there was a huge rally on Sé Square, with many flags of the county. Political rivals parties were united to fight for this cause.

In February the situation became worse. The Democratic Party (PD) broke with Vargas and his government, approaching to its former opponents, the Paulista Republican Party (PRP), forming the United Front Paulista (FUP), which became the spokesperson responsible to claim for the “reconstitucionalização” and administrative autonomy for the state of Sao Paulo. More than that, the FUP started to articulate, together with the military and some of the major professional associations of employers of Sao Paulo, the preparation of an armed movement against the Provisional Government.

The discontentment was increasing and soon the Paulistas revolted. On May 22nd and 23rd, students and popular burned and jammed the newsrooms of dictatorial newspapers and in this conflict, were killed four law students: Miragaia, Martins, Dráusio and Camargo. The name of the fourth student killed were used to designate the future movement of São Paulo: MMDC. The first to die was Campbell, just a student who was married and father of three children.

The idea of revolution got everyone, without distinction of social class. São Paulo was confident of the victory, because it had the support of the military of Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul and Mato Grosso which was the only one remained loyal to São Paulo. The commander of the Revolution was General Isidoro, supported strongly by the contingent of Mato Grosso, led by General Klinger.

On July 9, 1932, the Mediator Pedro de Toledo telegraphed to the dictator Getulio Vargas: "Exhausted all that were in my power to prevent the movement that has just seen at the garrison of this region to which have the people of Sao Paulo joined,  I couldn´t disagree with the feelings of my people.”Began the constitutional revolution.”

Leia também: A Revolução Constitucionalista de 1932

Leia também: A Cruzada pelo bem: Romanização da Igreja e Rebeldia do Cônego Antônio Marques Henriques